So, functionalism theory focuses on consensus, social order, and social stability than on change and on the structure and mandatory function of the parts that make up the whole.įor Structural functionalists, its parts, such as groups are the basic unit of analysis i.e. All these parts (such as institutions) function to keep society stable. Economics provides for the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services and religion provides moral guidance to members of society. Politics provides a means of governing the members of society. Education offers a way to transfer society’s skills, knowledge, and culture to its youth. each of the social institutions contributes important functions for society the family provides an environment for reproducing, nurturing, and socializing children. work together to keep the whole body system functioning.Į.g. It suggests that each interconnected, interdependent parts of the structure contribute to the functioning of the whole system (whole system here means the ‘ society‘) which is just like the human body where every part, such as the brain, heart, kidney, lungs, etc. It states that our social lives and behavior are guided by social structure, which are stable patterns of social behavior. which work (function) together to maintain social equilibrium, social solidarity, and stability. It is one of the important theories or perspectives in sociology.įunctionalism views society as a system (or structure) of interconnected parts such as groups, institutions such as family, religion, economy, etc. Functionalism is a macro-level theoretical perspective in social science/sociology.įunctionalism theory has been also referred to as Structural Functionalism or Structural-Functional Theory or Functionalist Perspective or Functionalist Theory. Functional Pre-requisites or ImperativesĪlthough this perspective emerged in the 19th century, it became dominant during the 1940s and 1950s.Talcott Parsons Concept of ‘Social System’ (According to Parsons, how do social systems survive?). Weaknesses or Criticism of Functionalism.Manifest, Latent Functions, and Dysfunctions.Functional Pre-requisites and Imperatives.value agreement and harmony) and de-emphasis on conflict Basic Assumptions of Functionalism Theory.
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